Introduction
As we continue to explore the profound theological themes in the opening chapter of the Epistle to the Hebrews, we come to Hebrews 1:7. This verse, much like the others in this chapter, serves to demonstrate the supremacy of Jesus Christ over all other beings, especially angels. In this particular verse, the author of Hebrews contrasts the nature of angels with that of the Son, emphasizing the difference in their roles and statuses. By referencing Psalm 104:4, the author underscores the angels’ role as servants of God, in contrast to the exalted position of the Son.
Hebrews 1:7 in the King James Version (KJV) reads:
“And of the angels he saith, Who maketh his angels spirits, and his ministers a flame of fire:” (Hebrews 1:7, KJV)
This verse serves as part of the author’s argument that Jesus, the Son of God, is far superior to angels. It highlights the created nature of angels and their function as ministers and servants of God, contrasting this with the eternal, divine nature of the Son, who is the object of worship by angels (as stated in Hebrews 1:6). Through the quotation of Psalm 104:4, the author of Hebrews continues to build the case for Christ’s superiority.
Contextual Background: The Supremacy of Christ Over Angels
As noted in the previous verses, Hebrews 1 is a powerful declaration of the superiority of Christ over all creation, particularly angels. In the first few verses, the author presents Christ as the radiance of God’s glory, the exact imprint of His nature, and the one through whom all things were created. Jesus is shown as infinitely greater than the angels, who are merely servants and messengers of God.
In Hebrews 1:7, the focus shifts to angels themselves, and their nature is explored. The verse contrasts the angels’ role as spiritual beings (who are created to serve) with the Son’s exalted position as the eternal and divine Son of God. This is crucial because, while angels are significant in the heavenly order, they are inferior to Christ in every aspect. By bringing in a reference from Psalm 104:4, the author reminds the reader that angels are not to be worshiped but rather are ministering spirits.
Exploring Hebrews 1:7: A Close Examination
1. “And of the angels he saith…”
The author begins by turning attention to the angels, acknowledging their important role within the heavenly realm. This phrase signals a shift in focus. While Christ’s superiority has already been established in the previous verses, here the author further underscores that angels, despite their grandeur and power, are created beings with a specific role in God’s plan. They are not to be idolized or worshiped as equals to the Son but are instead servants of God’s divine purposes.
This introduction to the nature of angels is essential in demonstrating that, as exalted as they are, they are still inferior to Christ. Their position is one of subordination and service to God’s greater will, particularly as it concerns the Son’s work of redemption and His sovereign reign.
2. “Who maketh his angels spirits…”
The phrase “Who maketh his angels spirits” refers to the created nature of angels. Unlike the Son, who is eternal and uncreated, angels are created beings, brought into existence by God. The term “spirits” emphasizes their immaterial nature. Angels are not flesh and blood like humans; they are spiritual beings who carry out God’s will and serve as messengers or agents of His authority.
In the Old Testament, angels often appear as heavenly messengers sent to deliver God’s word or to carry out divine judgment. In the New Testament, they play roles in announcing the birth of Christ, ministering to Him after His temptation, and assisting believers in carrying out God’s purposes. However, despite their high status and their vital role in God’s economy, angels are not to be worshiped or placed on the same level as Christ.
This distinction is important for the readers of Hebrews, who may have been tempted to elevate angels because of their grandeur or mystique. By citing this phrase, the author reminds them that angels are subordinate to the Son, who is uncreated and eternal. Christ is the Creator, not the creation.
3. “…and his ministers a flame of fire:”
The second part of Hebrews 1:7 builds upon the first by describing angels as “ministers” who are “a flame of fire.” The term “ministers” emphasizes that angels are servants or attendants who carry out God’s commands. Their role is not one of ruling or exercising authority, but of serving God in the heavenly court.
The phrase “a flame of fire” is a vivid metaphor for the power and majesty of the angels. Fire is often used in Scripture to symbolize the presence of God, holiness, and purity. The use of “flame of fire” here likely alludes to the brightness and intensity of angels, highlighting their magnificent and awe-inspiring nature. Fire is also associated with God’s judgment (e.g., the burning bush in Exodus, the fire on Mount Sinai), and it is a reminder of the angelic beings’ role in executing God’s will.
However, despite the angels’ fiery, awe-inspiring appearance, they are still servants. This imagery contrasts sharply with the Son, who is not merely a servant or a messenger, but the eternal and divine Son of God. The angels’ role is to minister to Christ and to serve His will, not to be the objects of worship themselves.
Old Testament Context: Psalm 104:4
The author of Hebrews draws from Psalm 104:4, which says:
“Who maketh his angels spirits; his ministers a flaming fire:” (Psalm 104:4, KJV)
Psalm 104 is a hymn of praise to God for His creation and providence. In verse 4, the psalmist reflects on the power and majesty of God’s creation, highlighting the role of angels in God’s divine service. The phrase “Who maketh his angels spirits” reflects the idea that God created the angels as spiritual beings to carry out His will. The phrase “his ministers a flaming fire” emphasizes the power and grandeur of angels in their role as God’s servants.
By quoting this psalm, the author of Hebrews is emphasizing that the role of angels is to serve and minister, not to rule or be worshiped. Their glory is derived from their service to God, not from any intrinsic greatness or superiority. In contrast, Jesus, the Son, is exalted above all creation, including angels. He is the object of worship, not a servant.
Theological Implications of Hebrews 1:7
Hebrews 1:7 carries several important theological messages that have significant implications for our understanding of Christ’s nature and the role of angels:
1. The Created Nature of Angels
Angels, as powerful and awe-inspiring as they are, are still created beings. They are not eternal or divine like Christ. This emphasizes the distinction between the Son, who is eternal, and angels, who were created by God to serve His purposes. While angels play an essential role in God’s redemptive plan, they are inferior to Christ in their status.
2. Christ’s Superiority to Angels
By contrasting the Son with angels, Hebrews 1:7 underscores the superiority of Jesus Christ. While angels are “spirits” and “ministers” who serve God, Christ is the eternal Son of God, the Creator, and the object of worship. This contrast highlights the dignity and majesty of Christ as the divine Son, making it clear that He is far above the angels.
3. The Servant Nature of Angels
Angels are described as “ministers” or servants who carry out God’s commands. They are messengers and agents of God’s will, not figures to be worshiped. This serves as a reminder that, despite their grandeur, angels are not to be exalted or placed on the same level as Christ. The Son alone is worthy of worship.
4. The Role of Angels in God’s Plan
The description of angels as “a flame of fire” also emphasizes their role in executing God’s will with great power and majesty. Angels are instruments of God’s holiness and purity, often depicted as carrying out His judgment or assisting in His redemptive plan. While they are glorious, their role is subordinate to that of the Son, who is the ultimate agent of salvation.
Conclusion
Hebrews 1:7 serves to further establish the superiority of Christ over the angels. By quoting Psalm 104:4, the author emphasizes that angels are created beings, spiritual in nature, and servants of God. Their role is to minister and carry out God’s commands, not to be worshiped. This reinforces the central argument in Hebrews that Jesus, the eternal Son of God, is far superior to all created beings, including angels.
For believers, this verse serves as a reminder of the immense glory and majesty of Christ, who is the Creator of all things. While angels are powerful and awe-inspiring, they are ultimately servants in God’s plan. Christ, on the other hand, is the divine Son, the object of worship, and the King of all creation. This distinction highlights the unique position of Christ in God’s redemptive purposes and calls believers to honor Him as the ultimate authority over all things.